按摩效果不明确;脊柱手法治疗可改善疼痛和功能;按摩疗法:Unclear if more effective than inactivity for short - term pain control;脊柱手法治疗:Short - term (up to 6 weeks) improvement, comparable to standard treatments
背学校
通常指预防和管理背痛及相关肌肉骨骼疾病的教育项目;由专业人员开展,旨在教育脊柱知识和正确身体力学等;研究表明其治疗效果不确定;不常用于急性或亚急性下腰痛;Educational programs, uncertain effectiveness for acute/subacute LBP
共识声明/WFNS脊柱委员会建议
对乙酰氨基酚:推荐用于老年、有胃肠道、心血管和肾脏合并症患者的一线治疗;First - line for patients of advanced age, with GI, CV, and renal comorbidities, alone or with opioids
NSAIDs:一线治疗,COX - 2抑制剂优先;First - line, COX2 inhibitors preferred due to lower side - effect profile
阿片类药物:保守治疗效果不佳时可短期使用;Limited benefits over conservative measures;Indicated when first - line drugs are contraindicated or not tolerated;Short - course for intractable pain